Diamond

Berlian  adalah sebuah mineral, batu yang dibentuk dari hasil proses geologi yang unsurnya terdiri atas satu atau beberapa komponen kimia yang mempunyai harga jual tinggi, dan diminati oleh para kolektor. Batu permata harus dipoles sebelum dijadikan perhiasan.

Di dunia ini tidak semua tempat mengandung batu permata. Di Indonesia hanya beberapa tempat yang mengandung batu permata antara lain di provinsi Banten dengan Kalimayanya, di Lampung dengan batu jenis-jenis anggur yang menawan dan jenis cempaka,di Pulau Kalimantan dengan Kecubungnya (amethys) dan Intan (berlian). Batu permata mempunyai nama dari mulai huruf a sampai huruf z yang diklasifikasikan menurut kekerasannya yang dikenal dengan Skala Mohs dari 1 sampai 10. Permata yang paling diminati di dunia adalah yang berkristal yang selain jenis batu mulia seperti Berlian, Zamrud, Ruby dan Safir, batu-batu akik jenis anggur seperti Biru Langit, bungur atau kecubung yang berasal dari Tanjung Bintang, Lampung saat ini banyak di buru oleh para kolektor karena kualitas kristalnya.

Diamond is a mineral precious objects which chemically is a crystalline form, or allotrope, of carbon. Diamond is famous because it has physical properties that special, especially hardness factor and ability to disperse light. These qualities that make diamonds used in jewelry and various applications in the industrial world.
Especially diamonds mined in central and southern Africa, although significant diamond content have also been found in Canada, Russia, Brazil, and Australia. Approximately 130 million "carat" (26,000 kg) of diamonds are mined annually, which amounts to approximately 9 billion US dollars. In addition, nearly four times the weight of a diamond is made in the lab as synthetic diamonds (synthetic diamond).


Diamond Mining
Especially diamonds mined from volcanic pipes, a diamond content derived from the materials removed from the Earth because of the pressure and temperature suitable for diamond formation. in Indonesia have long mined diamonds in kawasanMartapura, South Kalimantan.
There are diamonds from the bowels of the earth were excavated either manually or with mechanization. Now most diamond miners are already using mechanization, namely by vacuum to suck up soil that has been dug.
Aspirated land along the water, sorted through the strainer. With skill, the miners could distinguish ordinary stones, sand, or diamond. Newly acquired diamond is called "galuh" Martapura area. Galuh this is still a raw diamond. To make it ready-made, diamond must be polished in advance. Polishing diamonds in society remains largely with traditional tools.